Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

What is a common cause of anxiety that could lead to higher rates of depression in older adults?

1. Retirement

2. Financial insecurity

3. Chronic health conditions

4. All of the above

The correct answer is: All of the above

The correct answer reflects a comprehensive understanding of the various stressors that can contribute to anxiety and, consequently, higher rates of depression among older adults. Retirement is often a significant life transition that can lead to feelings of loss of purpose or social isolation, factors that can contribute to increased anxiety levels. As individuals transition from a structured work life to retirement, they might struggle with identity changes and the absence of daily social interactions. Financial insecurity is another critical factor. Many older adults live on fixed incomes, and any unexpected expenses can lead to significant stress and anxiety. The fear of not having enough resources to meet basic needs can exacerbate feelings of hopelessness and sadness, leading to depression. Chronic health conditions further complicate this picture. Many older adults face ongoing health issues that can lead to physical limitations and pain, often resulting in increased anxiety about health deterioration and decreased quality of life. These chronic conditions can also lead to a sense of dependency on others and a loss of autonomy, which can contribute to feelings of sadness and depression. Since each of these factors—retirement, financial insecurity, and chronic health conditions—plays a pivotal role in the mental health of older adults, the cumulative effect of all these stressors can significantly heighten anxiety and depression