Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

What is the most commonly used noninvasive diagnostic study for internal hemorrhage in trauma patients?

1. DPL

2. FAST

3. CT scan

4. EEG

The correct answer is: FAST

The most commonly used noninvasive diagnostic study for internal hemorrhage in trauma patients is the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST). This ultrasound-based technique is specifically designed to quickly assess for free fluid, including blood, in the abdominal cavity and around the heart in trauma cases. The rapidity and safety of the procedure make it invaluable in emergency settings, where the identification of hemorrhage is critical for timely intervention. FAST is advantageous because it does not expose the patient to ionizing radiation, unlike CT scans, and can be performed at the bedside, allowing for immediate evaluation without the need for transferring the patient to a radiology suite. Its ability to provide real-time images also aids clinicians in making quick decisions about the need for further invasive procedures, such as exploratory surgery. While other options like DPL (Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage) are invasive and less commonly performed now due to the effectiveness of FAST, and CT scans are widely used for their detailed imaging capabilities but can be less immediate, FAST remains the preferred initial approach in many trauma cases because of its combination of speed, safety, and effectiveness in detecting internal bleeding.